Marine turbine installation.



G. A. PARSONS.

MARINE TURBINE INSTALLATION.

APPLIOATIOH FILED 11111111, 1911.

Patented Nov. 23, 1911.

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COLUMBIA FLANOORAFH cm. wAsmmroN, o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, ENGLAND.

MARINE TURBINE INSTALLATION.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES ALGERNQN PARSONS, C. 13., a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at Heaton \Vorks, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Marine Turbine Installations, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in marine turbine installations, its object being to obtain a more efficient utilization of the energy of the working fluid, which for convenience will hereinafter be referred to as steam.

The invention consists for this purpose in a marine turbine installation in which the high ressure expansion stages of the steam are e ected in one or more impulse sections followed by a reaction section from which the steam passes to one or more further imulse stages before it is delivered to the ower pressure reaction section or sections.

The invention also consists in the improved arrangement of marine turbine installations as hereinafter indicated.

Figures 1 and 2 show in plan two marine turbine installations according to the present invention, the turbine elements being shown partly in cross section.

According to the marine installation shown in Fig. 1, a high pressure to a four shaft marine installation, a high pressure turbine, a and b, respectively, is arranged on each of the outer shafts, while a low pressure turbine, c and 0!, respectively, is mounted on each of the inner shafts. On each of these inner shafts is also mounted a cruising turbine, 49, 1, respectively, each comprising an impulse part 9', and h, and a reaction part, is and m, respectively. Under cruising conditions steam is supplied from the pipe, 0-, to the impulse part, g, and after flowing therethrough, passes to the reaction part, is, of the same cruising turbine, e, and from thence by means of the pipe connection, n, through the impulse part, h, and the reaction part m, of the other cruising turbine, 1, which is preferably made slightly larger than the first cruising turbine e. The steam delivered fro-m the second cruising turbine, f, is arranged to pass through the high pressure turbines, a and b, and low pressure turbines, c, and d, in any desired Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 11, 1911.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

Serial No. 613,801.

manner. For instance the steam exhausted from the reaction turbine, m may be passed by means of the pipe connections, p and g, which thus place the turbines, a, and b, in parallel and from thence by the pipe connections r and 8, to the low pressure turbines, c and cl, respectively and then by the pipes, '0 to the condensers If desired, the high pressure turbines, a and b, and the low pressure turbines, c and d, can each be provided with astern turbines referably incorporated with the ahead turines. In such cases steam can be supplied through the pipes, 21, leadin to the astern turbines, w, on the outer shafts, from which turbines the steam flows by way of the pipe connections, a, to the astern turbines, w, on the two inner shafts, which turbines are thus in series and exhaust through the pipes at 1), into the condensers 7'. It will be seen that by this means the height of the blades 1n the reaction part, is, of the first cruising turbine, e, can be increased owing to the in- .crease in the volume of steam occasioned by the expansion in the impulse section of this crulsing turbine. By this means the ratio of the clearance space to blade area is diminished and consequently the proportion of steam leaking over the top of the blades 1n the reaction part is also reduced. A similar advantage is obtained in the second cruising turbine, f, which as before stated, is preferably larger than the first cruising tur me e.

It will be seen that if the second cruising turbine, f, consisted entirely of reaction blading, the ratio of clearance space to blade area at the inlet end of this turbine would be sufiiciently great to cause considerable leakage of steam over the tops of the blades. By the use of an impulse part, h, at the inlet end of this second cruising turbine, f, this loss is somewhat reduced, as the ratio of clearance space to blade area in the reaction part, h, is reduced on account of the increased height of the blades necessary to receive the increased volume of steam 0cca sioned by the expansion in the impulse part, h.

According to the slightly modified arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the cruising turbines e and f are arranged to be con nected either in series or in arallel. For this purpose the pipe connection, a, leadmg from the exhaust end of the reaction stage,

Iv, of the cruising turbine, c, has branch connections 2 and 4, the first of which leads to the inlet of the impulse sta e h of the second cruising turbine as in t e previous arrangement, while the second branch connection, 4, leads directly to the pipe connection, I by which the high pressure turbines, a and b, are arranged in arallel, a suitable three-way valve, 3, being provided to control the flow of steam from the pipe, n, to either of the branch pipes, 2 and 4. When the cruising turbines, c and f, are receiving steam in parallel, steam is supplied through the pipe, 0, the second cruising turbine f for this purpose being provided with a set of nozzles, Z, in addition to the nozzles by which lower pressure steam is admitted to this impulse stage, when the two cruising turbines are receiving steam in series. Meanwhile the three-way valve, 3, is adjusted so as to connect the pipes, n and 4, the steam from the first cruising turbine, 6, thus passing directly to the pipe connection, 1 while as before the steam exhausted from the cruising turbine f, passes through the pipe connection, p, leading to the connection, \Vhen the cruising turbines, e and f, are arranged in series, the steam passes by way of the pipe connections, at and 2, and thence preferably through a superheating element, 5, to the second cruising turbine, the steam then passing through the high and low pressure turbines in the manner already described.

As shown in Fig. 2, the high pressure turbines a and b, are each preceded by impulse stages, 2', to which, when desired, high pressure steam can be admitted by the pi es and nozzles, '91 and z, in which case the high pressure turbines, a and 6, receive steam in parallel and the cruising turbines, e and f, being now out out of action, the steam passes from the high pressure turbines, aand 6, through the pipe connections, .9 and r, leading respectively to the low ressure turbines, d and a. By thus provi ing the high pressure turbines, a and b with impulse stages, it will be seen that the losses due to clearance are avoided when high presure steam is being supplied directly to these turbines.

It will be seen that the invention is in no way limited to the number of shafts comrised in the installation or to the manner in which the turbines are arranged on the various shafts.

It will be seen that many modifications may be made in the method of carrying the invention into effect without in any way departing from the spirit of the same.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a marine turbine installation several turbine elements having impulse and re action sections arranged in series to allow the working fluid to pass alternately through impulse and reaction sections.

2. In a marine turbine installation having high and low pressure turbine elements, impulse turbine parts followed by reaction parts constituting at least two of the high pressure elements which are connected in series with one another, the impulse parts thus alternating with the reaction parts.

3. A marine turbine installation having at least two high pressure elements, composed of impulse and reaction turbine sections in series whereby the high pressure working fluid flows alternately from an impulse to a reaction turbine section.

4. A multi-shaft marine turbine installation comprising in combination high and low pressure elements distributed over the several shafts, impulse and reaction turbine sections constituting at least two of said high pressure elements through which the working fluid flows in series before being further expanded in the low pressure elements.

5. A marine turbine installation having impulse and reaction turbine sections combined to form at least two of the turbine elements of the installation which elements are connected in series with the impulse sections alternating with the reaction sections.

6. A marine turbine installation comprising in combination high and low pressure elements, impulse sections combined with reaction sections to form at least two of the high pressure elements which are mounted on the central shafts of the installation, the high pressure working fluid thus flowing alternately through impulse and reaction sections.

7. A marine turbine installation comprising in combination a plurality of shafts, high pressure elements having impulse and reaction sections, mounted on the central shafts and lower pressure elements distributed over all the shafts, the working fluid passing through the high pressure elements in series and thus alternately through impulse and reaction sections before being further expanded in the lower pressure elements.

8. A marine turbine installation comprising in combination a plurality of shafts, high pressure elements having impulse and reaction sections mounted on at least two of said shafts intermediate pressure turbine elements on the other shafts, and low pressure elements on the same shafts as the high pressure elements, the working fluid flowing through the high pressure elements in series and then in parallel through the remaining elements.

9. In a marine turbine installation having a plurality of shafts, high pressure elements having impulse and reaction sections mounted on at least two of said shafts, the working fluid passing through said high pressure elements in series and then in parallel through the remaining elements.

10. A marine turbine installation comprising in combination a plurality of shafts, high pressure elements having impulse and reaction sections mounted on at least two of the central shafts of the installation, intermediate pressure elements on the side shafts and low pressure elements on the same shafts as the high pressure elements, the Working fluid flowing through the high pressure elements in series and then through the other elements in parallel.

11. A marine turbine installation comprising in combination a plurality of shafts, high pressure elements having impulse and reaction sections mounted on at least two of the central shafts of the installation, intermediate pressure elements on the side shafts and low pressure elements on the same shafts as the high pressure elements, the working fluid flowing through the high pressure elements in series and then through the other elements in parallel, means cutting said high pressure elements out of action when it is desired to supply the remaining elements with steam as two independent groups.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS.

Witnesses:

FREDERICK GORDON HAY BEnroRD, ALBERT WILLIAM PARK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for flve cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0. 

